[3d] Port estimateTranslation2D into 5.x #28023
Merge with opencv_extra PR: opencv/opencv_extra#1290
This PR ports the newly added function `estimateTranslation2D` that was merged into 4.x under this PR: opencv/opencv#27950
The implementation is now adapted to the 5.x branch and integrates cleanly with the updated refinement API.
Specifically, this 5.x version makes use of the improved LevMarq interface to support optional non-linear refinement of the translation parameters.
Functionality, tests, and documentation follow the same design and behavior as the original 4.x PR.
Further details can be found in the linked PR above.
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Added affine grid layer to new DNN engine #27894
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Added DFT layer to new DNN engine #27941
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Clarified supported types in cv::patchNaNs() documentation #27959
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Updated the docs for cv::patchNaNs() to specify that both CV_32F and CV_64F types are supported. Fixes incomplete information.
In `fisheye::initUndistortRectifyMap` states, that the function 'compensate radial and tangential lens distortion'. But in fact, fisheye camera model in OpenCV does not uses tangential distortion. It uses only radial distortions, with 4 distortion k_1, k_2, k_3, k_4, which all are radial. In the code of the function all of those koeficients indeed are used as radial lens distortion coefficients. Possible reason of that issue is similar documentation of pinhole camera, that as first four coefficients uses 2 radial and 2 tangential lens distortion coefficients - k_1, k_2, p_1, p_2.
Added Onehot layer support to new DNN engine #27902
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Update documentation for Mat_ constructor to clarify vector behavior #27937
This PR updates the documentation comment for the constructor:
`explicit Mat_(const std::vector<_Tp>& vec, bool copyData=false);`
The original docstring stated that this constructor creates a matrix with a single column. However, in OpenCV version 5.x, this constructor now creates a matrix with a single row and the number of columns equal to the size of the vector.
This change clarifies the behavior for users migrating to or working with OpenCV 5.x and reduces confusion due to the discrepancy between documented and actual matrix shape.
This PR addresses GitHub issue #27862.
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tiff: use a per-TIFF error handler #27927
libtiff 4.5 introduced [per-TIFF error handlers](https://libtiff.gitlab.io/libtiff/functions/TIFFOpenOptions.html). This PR removes the global OpenCV error handlers and uses per-handle error handlers. This reduces any risks associated with modifying global state, e.g. if another library also tries to set the global error handlers and OpenCV clobbers them.
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Fix HDR tutorial result mismatch by adding gamma note #27866
This PR fixes#22219 by clarifying the gamma correction value in the HDR tutorial.
The function cv.createTonemap() has a default gamma value of 1.0. To match the tutorial example results, gamma should be explicitly set to 2.2. This note has been added to the Tonemap HDR image section of the tutorial.
Visualization script for one or more cameras calibration with calibration.cpp #27627
* It reads one or more YAML files produced by `calibration.cpp`.
* displays an interactive 3D scene of the calibration setup with camera frustums and board meshes.
* Supports both **camera-centric** and **board-centric** views.
* exports the entire scene as a `.obj/.mtl` for use in meshlab.
* also includes an error bar plot and frustum highlighting for single-camera setups.
calibration results generated by `calibration.cpp`: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/13NvZHaxTFdAB-bzlNve8kKSMIg9gAu6K
Results Uploaded at: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1fkFyoBRGcNY4UCQhGgadO6uKlAkrzjTe
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core: support 16 bit LUT for 5.x #27918
Porting from https://github.com/opencv/opencv/pull/27890
Porting from https://github.com/opencv/opencv/pull/27911
And support new OpenCV5 types for 16 bit LUT.
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Open camera device by index through FFmpeg #27841
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resolves https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/26812
Example of explicit backend option (similar to `-f v4l2` from command line)
```
export OPENCV_FFMPEG_CAPTURE_OPTIONS="f;v4l2"
```
see https://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/Capture/Webcam for available options
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