Merge pull request #25598 from asmorkalov:as/tables_range_check_core

Check range for type-dependant function tables #25598

Address https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/24703

### Pull Request Readiness Checklist

See details at https://github.com/opencv/opencv/wiki/How_to_contribute#making-a-good-pull-request

- [x] I agree to contribute to the project under Apache 2 License.
- [x] To the best of my knowledge, the proposed patch is not based on a code under GPL or another license that is incompatible with OpenCV
- [x] The PR is proposed to the proper branch
- [x] There is a reference to the original bug report and related work
- [ ] There is accuracy test, performance test and test data in opencv_extra repository, if applicable
      Patch to opencv_extra has the same branch name.
- [ ] The feature is well documented and sample code can be built with the project CMake

modules/core/src/lut.cpp

@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ static void LUT8u_64f( const uchar* src, const double* lut, double* dst, int len
 
 typedef void (*LUTFunc)( const uchar* src, const uchar* lut, uchar* dst, int len, int cn, int lutcn );
 
-static LUTFunc lutTab[] =
+static LUTFunc lutTab[CV_DEPTH_MAX] =
 {
     (LUTFunc)LUT8u_8u, (LUTFunc)LUT8u_8s, (LUTFunc)LUT8u_16u, (LUTFunc)LUT8u_16s,
     (LUTFunc)LUT8u_32s, (LUTFunc)LUT8u_32f, (LUTFunc)LUT8u_64f, 0
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ public:
 
     void operator()( const cv::Range& range ) const CV_OVERRIDE
     {
-        CV_DbgAssert(*ok);
+        CV_Assert(*ok);
 
         const int row0 = range.start;
         const int row1 = range.end;